Chemistry learning education

COLLOID Colloids are a mixture of heterogeneous substances between two or more substances in which colloidal-sized substance particles are uniformly distributed in other substances. Colloid size ranges from 1-100 nm (10-7 - 10-5 cm). Example: Mayonnaise and paint, mayonnaise is a homogeneous mixture in water and oil and paint is a homogeneous mixture of solids and liquids. The colloidal system is a mixed form which lies between the solution and the suspension (crude mixture). This colloidal system has distinctive properties that are different from the nature of the solution or suspension. The colloid state is not a feature of a particular substance because all substances, either solid, liquid, or gaseous, can be made in a colloidal state.  Colloid is a mixed system of "metastable" (as if stable, but will separate after a certain time). Colloids are different from solutions; Solution is stable. In colloidal solution in general, there are 2 substances as follows:

LESSON PLAN(RPP) Lesson Material: CHEMICAL Class / Semester: XII / 1 Material: The elements of main and transitional groups Time: 2X45 minutes A Competency Standard Understand the characteristics of the essential elements, their usefulness and dangers, and their presence in nature. B Basic Competence Identify the abundance of major elements and transitions in nature and products containing these elements. C Indicators 1. Identify the presence of elements present in nature, especially in Indonesia (noble gases, halogens, alkalis, alkaline earth, aluminum, carbon, silicon, sulfur, chrome, copper, zinc, iron, oxygen and nitrogen) 2. Identify products containing such substances D KKM: 75 E Learning Materials Elements of major groups and transitions F Source / Tools 1. Source: Chemistry Book Class XII, Worksheet 2. Tools: Electronic Media, Internet Model, Approach and Method of Learning A. Learning Model: Constructivism B. Strategy: G

                Rendemen chemical In chemistry, the chemical yield, the yield of the reaction, or only the rendement refers to the amount of reaction product produced in the chemical reaction.  Absolute rendement can be written as weight in grams or in moles (molar yield). The relative yield used as a calculation of the effectiveness of the procedure is calculated by dividing the amount of product obtained in moles by the theoretical yield in moles:        Fractional yield =        true rendement                                             theoretical rendement To obtain a percentage yield, multiply the fractional yield by 100%.  One or more reactants in chemical reactions are often used redundantly. The theoretical rendement is calculated based on the number of moles of the limiting reaction. For this calculation, it is usually assumed there is only one reaction involved. The ideal chemical yield value (theoretical rendement) is 100%, a value highly unli